事件

Tauri 事件系統是一種多生產者多消費者通訊原語，允許在前端和後端之間傳遞訊息。它類似於命令系統，但必須在事件處理常式上撰寫載荷類型檢查，而且它簡化了從後端到前端的通訊，就像頻道一樣。

Tauri 應用程式可以偵聽和發出全域和特定於視窗的事件。以下說明了從前端和後端的用法。

前端

可以在前端的 @tauri-apps/api 套件的 event 和 window 模組上存取事件系統。

全域事件

若要使用全域事件頻道，請匯入 event 模組並使用 emit 和 listen 函式

import { emit, listen } from '@tauri-apps/api/event'

// listen to the `click` event and get a function to remove the event listener
// there's also a `once` function that subscribes to an event and automatically unsubscribes the listener on the first event
const unlisten = await listen('click', (event) => {
  // event.event is the event name (useful if you want to use a single callback fn for multiple event types)
  // event.payload is the payload object
})

// emits the `click` event with the object payload
emit('click', {
  theMessage: 'Tauri is awesome!',
})

特定於視窗的事件

特定於視窗的事件在 window 模組上公開。

import { appWindow, WebviewWindow } from '@tauri-apps/api/window'

// emit an event that is only visible to the current window
appWindow.emit('event', { message: 'Tauri is awesome!' })

// create a new webview window and emit an event only to that window
const webview = new WebviewWindow('window')
webview.emit('event')

後端

在後端，全域事件頻道在 App 結構上公開，而特定於視窗的事件可以使用 Window 特質發出。

全域事件

use tauri::Manager;

// the payload type must implement `Serialize` and `Clone`.
#[derive(Clone, serde::Serialize)]
struct Payload {
  message: String,
}

fn main() {
  tauri::Builder::default()
    .setup(|app| {
      // listen to the `event-name` (emitted on any window)
      let id = app.listen_global("event-name", |event| {
        println!("got event-name with payload {:?}", event.payload());
      });
      // unlisten to the event using the `id` returned on the `listen_global` function
      // a `once_global` API is also exposed on the `App` struct
      app.unlisten(id);

      // emit the `event-name` event to all webview windows on the frontend
      app.emit_all("event-name", Payload { message: "Tauri is awesome!".into() }).unwrap();
      Ok(())
    })
    .run(tauri::generate_context!())
    .expect("failed to run app");
}

特定於視窗的事件

若要使用特定於視窗的事件頻道，可以在命令處理常式或使用 get_window 函式取得 Window 物件

use tauri::{Manager, Window};

// the payload type must implement `Serialize` and `Clone`.
#[derive(Clone, serde::Serialize)]
struct Payload {
  message: String,
}

// init a background process on the command, and emit periodic events only to the window that used the command
#[tauri::command]
fn init_process(window: Window) {
  std::thread::spawn(move || {
    loop {
      window.emit("event-name", Payload { message: "Tauri is awesome!".into() }).unwrap();
    }
  });
}

fn main() {
  tauri::Builder::default()
    .setup(|app| {
      // `main` here is the window label; it is defined on the window creation or under `tauri.conf.json`
      // the default value is `main`. note that it must be unique
      let main_window = app.get_window("main").unwrap();

      // listen to the `event-name` (emitted on the `main` window)
      let id = main_window.listen("event-name", |event| {
        println!("got window event-name with payload {:?}", event.payload());
      });
      // unlisten to the event using the `id` returned on the `listen` function
      // an `once` API is also exposed on the `Window` struct
      main_window.unlisten(id);

      // emit the `event-name` event to the `main` window
      main_window.emit("event-name", Payload { message: "Tauri is awesome!".into() }).unwrap();
      Ok(())
    })
    .invoke_handler(tauri::generate_handler![init_process])
    .run(tauri::generate_context!())
    .expect("failed to run app");
}